Josh Mills
Secondary Tasks
Should we move to hands-free devices?
The Goal
Overview of Study
1. How is driving performance affected by participating in phone conversations where the driver has to interact in varying levels of engagement? How do these effects vary with changes in driving difficulty?
2. How are phone conversations influenced by concurrently driving, and how do these effects vary with changes in the levels of driving difficulty?
3. How does performance vary with requests to prioritize attention on driving, conversation, or both tasks?
Driving Task
Phone Task
Focus
Focus more on driving
Focus more on phone conversation
focus on both considering them to be equally important
Measures
Results
Overall, users drove faster while focusing on driving
There were no significant differences across the different call types
Being engaged in a complex secondary task that conflicts with the driving task in an obvious way may lead drivers to modulate driving speed in an attempt to ensure safe driving
Overall:
Requested focus did not appear to have a major impact on driving performance, as automaticity seemed to allow users to drive and converse simultaneously
Focus did have a stronger effect on the performance on the conversations
Results suggest that large displays facilitate tasks with multiple windows and rich information because they offer a more immersive experience, with enhanced peripheral awareness
Larger displays promote physical navigation and improve user performance for search, navigation and pattern-finding tasks
Take-aways
Future Applications